Description
Abstract
This project looks at Design and Construction of a microcontroller based voltage and frequency meter for AC power line with LCD. Measurement techniques have been of immense importance ever since the start of human civilization, when it was needed to regulate the transfer of goods in barter trade, to ensure that exchanges were fair. The industrial revolution during the nineteenth century brought about the rapid development of new instruments and measurement techniques to satisfy the needs of industrialized production techniques. This work was done with a microcontroller produced by ATMEL(R) incorporated. Microcontroller, which is described as a “computer on a chip”, contains all the features of a full computer including central processor, in built clock circuitry, ROM, RAM, input and output ports, with special features such as serial communication, Analogue to digital converter and more. Microcontroller is one of the most cost-effective component in the industry being software driven, Microcontroller greatly simplify the design of sophisticated instrumentation and control circuitry and have form the basis of all intelligent embedded system. The microcontroller ATMEG–16 uses Harvard architecture in fetching data from both programme and code memory and is equipped with 10-bit 8 channel analogue to digital converter, this gives it a resolution of 1024 step side. The IC is programmed to count external pulses which are received as a sin wave, and the number of pulses per seconds is equal to the mains frequency. The microcontroller based voltage and frequency meter has three digit liquid crystal display for voltage and another three digit for frequency, making it six, and can display accurately with minimum of 1 volts, 20 hertz and maximum of 415 volts, 999 hertz for voltage and frequency respectively. The results obtained were proved to be very accurate with a negligible difference of +2%. Hence microcontroller based voltage and frequency meter is a standard measuring tool which can be used in power generation and distribution.
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