Content | ABSTRACT
Tourism is an activity that is mainly carried out for recreational and leisure purposes. This activity has proved vital for many countries developing as well as developed countries. It has been proved in the case of Nigeria. The growth in tourism sector is expected to rise further in the coming decades as the sector is expanding fast. Several establishments are included in the tourism industry whose products are mainly sold to visitors. Railways, Waterways, Roads and other amenities like Electricity, supply of Water, Sewage Drainage, and other facilities like Accommodation, Aviation Sector Recreational facilities, Restaurants and Shopping facilities etc. are one of them. As all these components creates the foundation of tourism industry the Government of Nigeria and Ministry of Tourism with the help of state Governments are launching and developing various development schemes to improve the present situation of infrastructure in Nigeria. This research highlights the role of tourism industry in economic development of the country, contribution of Government, Ministry of Tourism and other tourism related organization in infrastructure development, effectiveness of other schemes. | CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
According to Iwena (2000) in his book Essential Geography” describe Tourism as the phenomena, which involve the visiting of people to places of interest where they can relax, derive pleasure and entertainment.
Tourism is a basic means of attracting visitors to appreciate the material and human potentials that abound in such a place and this is further enhanced via transportation if properly harnesses can be utilised for the development and progress of a place.
Tourism may be seen to consist of a sense of encounters in which visitor interact with the host. Thus, it simply defines as the movement of people from their origin to places of destination for recreational purposes. The main point to be noted from the brief description above is that it is concerned with how man travels from one place to another for leisure recreational purposes.
According to Ogunlade (2004) states that tourism is God’s own given gift to man in the sense that any tourist attraction centre is beautiful, thrilling and marvellous sight to behold which leave you thinking of how great God is to Mankind.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
According to Ogunlade (2005) states that the journey of Nigeria Tourism began September 25th 1962 when the Government took its first moved by establishing the Nigeria Tourism Association ( NTA).
The NTA a government body primarily charged with the responsibility of developing and promoting tourism in Nigeria. Mean while a decree 54 of 1976 was promulgated due to the fact that NTA could not meet the expected challenges. Therefore the Nigeria Tourism Board (NTB) was established which further led to the establishment of the Nigeria Tourism Development corporation (NTDC) which is the government parastals and at present as a co-ordinating body in Nigeria.
According to Ogunlade (2005), In July 1990 a new tourism policy was launched by the Federal Government which further explained the reason why both the public and private sectors should get involve in the tourism industry. Among these public and private sectors and other bodies that were established value this policy was the Directorate of food, Road and Rural Infrastructure (DFRRI) and the mass transits system to see how the rural areas that harbour most of our tourist product and potential can be made accessible to facilitate intrastate and interstate travels.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Tourism and transportation sectors have great concern over the increasing fall of state affairs which has be on blamed on the following.
Tourism in Nigeria has suffered a lot of set back during the last few years due to a lot of factors such as frequent ethnic and religions clashes and hostage taking for example in oil producing areas, which have tampered with the security system of the nation.
Furthermore, available roads to most of our attractions are not motorable, lack of electricity and potable accommodation is a luxury in most of our resorts while most of them are still without communication facilities despite the advent of Global system mobile communication in the country lack of awareness programme to encourage people to visit places. Thus, inadequate funds for rehabitation of facilities.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
As the tourism industry is of rapid growing segment of today’s economy and consideration have been given to the importance of transportation on tourism only. Therefore, the purpose of this study centred on the following.
It is also aimed at looking into the various problems that face the effective uses of transportation system and how these problems can be solved. The significance of transportation system in tourism industry will be adequately highlighted.
Finally, it is hoped that through this study government and the private sector would see the need to provide the necessary facilities/ resources for effective transportation in tourism industry.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance of the study will facilitate the significance of transportation system in tourism development.
It will also stimulate researcher (s) to further investigate way of improving transportation system in tourism industry.
Finally, the research will tend to highlight the relationship between transportation system and the tourism industry.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this study to access the significance of transportation system in the tourism industry especially in Ikeja Metropolis, Lagos State. The specify objectives include the following:
- To examine if there is really any significant relationship between transportation and tourism.
- To investigate if government supports the tourism industry with transportation and good roads.
- To examine if the issues with transportation can affect the tourism industry.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions were stated to guide this study:
- Is there any relationship between transportation and tourism?
- Does government participation be encouraged on the transportation industry?
- Does the extent of transport development in Nigeria determine that of tourism?
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The following research hypotheses were formulated to guide to guide this study.
HYPOTHESIS 1
H0: There is no significant relationship between transportation and tourism in Nigeria.
H1: There is significant relationship between transportation and tourism in Nigeria
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research will be limited to Ikeja metropolis in Lagos state due to time factor and finance.
Thus, in Ikeja metropolis, the determinants of transportation system, the importance of transportation systems in tourism development and the relationship between transportation system and tourism industry shall also be discussed.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Transportation: A system set up by the government or private organization to move people from one place to another.
Tourism: An industry that allows people from near, far and wide to visit destinations of interest.
Government: A group of people elected to rule and make decisions on behalf of their subjects |
ABSTRACT
This project is on roles of transportation in tourism industry (a case study of ABC transport company). It described the benefits that will be gained from tourism in the country provided the transport system in well developed. This project work covers area such as the definitions of tourism and transportation, the relationship between transportation and tourism, elements of transportation, modes of transportation, importance of transportation in Nigeria and its roles in tourism industry. The method used in carrying out the research were questionnaire administration and personal observation. Recommendation includes the development of the transport modes in the country, publicity about the tourist sites through the use of AZ brochure about tourist sites in Nigeria provision of infrastructures and superstructures to tourist sites. Private sectors should likewise participate. In the development of transportation. Holiday relief should be given to the working population of the country to participate in tourism.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
In world of change, one constant in the last quarter of the twentieth century has been the sustained growth of tourism both as an activity and an industry occupation.
Leiper 2000:3 defined tourism as a whole range of individuals, businesses, organisations and placed which combine in some way to deliver a travel experience. Tourism is a multi dimensional multifaceted activity which touches many lives and many different economic activities that is, it can be used for the development of the concerned areas if properly utilised by both the government and private sectors.
Tourism can be viewed as a situation in which the visitors interact with the hosts. This clearly means that tourism is the movement of people from their usual place of residence to another destination for either pleasure, recreation or other purpose.
The main things that can be deduced from the brief description of tourism above is that, it has to deal with the movement of people transportation from their usual place of residence to another. Also, the stay which deals with either leisure, pleasure or recreation is obviously not connected with any remunerated activity and for the desired result to be achieved, it has to be over 24hours but less than a year.
However, in the process of tourists carrying out the various tourism activities, there is need for a moving conveyance which is transportation. Osinubi 2006:1 defined transportation as the movement of people, goods and services from one place to another. The extent of accessibility of an area determines the inflow of tourist to such sites. A tourist attraction must be thrilling, exciting and beautiful which are parts of the real motivating factors for tourism activities.
1.1 Background of the Study
Transportation as both heritage and contemporary attraction has been under valued by tourism and leisure promoters. However, it is increasingly being recognized that transport has significant potential both its own right and in combination with other locally or regional based attraction.
The transport experience can be the primary reason if not exclusive tourism experience, embracing qualities of heritage nostalgia, education, uniqueness, added value and entertainment.
Also, certain form of transportation offers a unique transport experience based on the nature of the transport and location it is set in, thereby contributing to the easy movement to the place. The unique transport experience increases the demand for transportation.
Transportation as one of the features of the tourism industry is as old as human existence. In ancient times, before tourism came into realization, people move on foot and travel a along distance through a lot of time was wasted, because the primitive means of transportation was used. Modern day transportation came into existence due to the limitation placed on the places that can be reached on foot and has greatly contributed to the development of tourism.
Objectively, it can be deduced that it deals with the movement of people from place to place to place for leisure, recreation, pleasure etc.
Tourism as a neglected area of culture in Nigeria is of no doubt a recently introduced course in higher institutions. It is facing a lot of problem such as illiteracy, misconception of term etc. A lot has been done and is still going on to alleviate these problems by different organizations e.g. United Nations World Tourism Organisation UNWTO, Association of Nigeria Journalist and Writers of Tourism ANJET, Nigeria Tourism Development Corporation NTDC etc.
Conclusively, tourism and transportation are two inseparable twin as one helps the other which means the role transport plays in tourism can not be under emphasized.
1.2 Objective of the Study
The study is going to analyze the roles of transportation in tourism industry and the various modes available. Also, the various problem that are likely to affect the expected role transportation plays in tourism industry. Furthermore, it is going to link the development of tourism in Nigeria to the extent of development of transportation.
Government will also get to know of the negative impacts of poor transportation networks on tourism and ways these can be tackled for proper tourists flow into Nigeria especially the tourism destinations thereby benefiting from tourism.
1.3 Scope or Limitation of the Study
The research work will be limited to ABC transport company as the case study under which the roles of transportation in tourism industry will be viewed.
ABC Transport Company been a good and reputable transport company which has helped in the promotion of tourism and movement of tourist in and around Nigeria.
The research will also focus on the roles of transportation in tourism industry covering the determinants, importances, modes of transportation system and the relationship between transportation and tourism industry.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The study intends to show the relationship between transportation and tourism, importance of transportation in Nigeria, roles of transportation in tourism industry and to show tourists the various modes that can be used to reach a particular tourist destination. In conclusion, it tends to show the effects of poor transport system on tourism development in Nigeria.
1.5 Statement of Problem
The tourism and transport sectors have a lot of problem on the increase on state affairs as based on the followings.
A lot of set backs has been experienced by tourism sector in the country in the last few years. This is due to a lot of factors as religious clashes and frequent ethnical problems likewise, hostages in oil producing areas which have tempered with the security system of the country.
Lack of awareness programme to encourage people to visit places. Also, available roads to many of our attractions are not motorable, poor electrification of the sites, inadequate accommodation facilities. Most of the centres are still without a suitable communication networks.
1.6 Research Questions
The following research questions are some of the questions to be used in the process of this study.
Are there any impact of transportation system on tourism development in Nigeria.
Are there are relationship between transportation and tourism industry
Are there any governments participation in tourism industry in reference to transport system in Nigeria
Does transportation development contribute to the level of revenue from tourism industry
1.6 Definition of Terms
Tourism: It is the relationship of phenomenon arising from voluntary travel and stay of an individual away from his/her usual place of residence to a predetermined destination in search of pleasure, leisure etc. and not connected with any remunerated activity.
Visitor: Someone travelling from his place of usual residence to another place but not primarily for tourism activities though he/she might enjoy it during the stay in the area.
Hotel: According to the proprietors act of 1956, a hotel is an establishment offering food, drinks and sleeping accommodation if so required by travellers who appear able and willing to pay for services and facilities provided.
Travel Agent: It is an organisation who acts as an intermediary between tour operators and tourists by providing the various services needed by both parties though has a principal who he is directly responsible to. Such services are transport companies, hotel groups, travellers cheque, visas etc.
Tour: It is a journey for pleasure during which several places of interest are visited.
Tour Operator: It is the manufacturer of a tourism product who organizes and sells tour.
Tourist destination: It refers to the place the attractions are physically sited. Also, it is a geographical unit visited by tourists which may be self contained, centre, a village, a town or city, district in an area, region, island, a country or a continent.
Transportation: It refers to the act of moving tourist and the services required by them from one place to another.
Industry: A branch of commercial enterprises concerned with the output of a specified product or service.
International tourism: It is a type of tourism that involves tourists travelling from their own country to another place, mainly crossing the international boundaries.
Domestic Tourism: It means the movement of tourists within the same country for either leisure, pleasure etc.
Tourist market: It is defined by reference to the composite product, the seller producer who supplies it and the buyer tourist who exercises the demand for it.
REFERENCE
Ayodele 2002, Essentials of Tourism Management. Published by El shaddai global ventures Ltd NO 15 Ayo, Ilorin Street, Mokola, Ibadan,
Chris Looper, John Fletcher, David Gilbert and Stephen Wanhill 1999: Tourism Principle and Practice. Published by Rebecca Shepherd.
Collins English Dictionary
Laurence Urdang Associates Ltd., Aylesbury P.O. Box, Glasgow G4 ONB, Great Britain.
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Abstract
This research provides an overview of the contributions to economic sustainability in Abia State through creative tourism using Akwette cloth weaving in ukwa west L.G.A. Creative tourism has grown rapidly in the past decade, reflecting the growing desire of consumers to develop their own creative potential and to attach themselves to creative networks, as well as the need for creative producers, cities and regions to profile themselves in an increasingly crowded global market. The case study provides creative tourism in a range of different contexts and present a range of models of creative tourism development in fields such as Weaving and crafts. Creative tourism can therefore be viewed as a form of networked tourism, which depends on the ability of producers and consumers to relate to each other and to generate value from their encounters.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Creativity appears to have become positioned as a panacea for a wide range of problems. The development of creative cities Landry, 2000, creative clusters Mommaas, 2009, creative industries OConnor, 2010 and the creative field Scott, 2010 can serve to attract the creative class Florida, 2002 and hopefully rescue the economy, as well as knitting communities together and revitalising local culture.
However, there is also a sceptical tone emerging in many recent studies of creativity e.g. Peck, 2005, which is now also being repeated in the field of tourism Long and Morpeth, forthcoming. The rapid rise, dissemination and subsequent critique of creative development strategies mirror the development of cultural tourism in the 1980s and 1990s Richards, 1996, 2001. In fact creative tourism is often seen as a form of, or an extension of cultural tourism.
The issue of economic sustainability and Practice of tourism considers many different facets of the creative tourism phenomenon, and examines the ways in which it has been developed in various places. Creative tourism has been faced with challenges in the aspect of creative tourism development and, despite the emergent critical thoughts on the subject, they tend to emphasise the positive aspects. Does this suggest that creative tourism is just one more aspect of the creativity hype, or can creative experiences act as an effective alternative to more traditional tourism development strategies In this sense, it is important to understand the concept of creative tourism better in order to provide an effective assessment of its theoretical position and practical importance.
According to Peter 2011:p23. Creative tourism is a concept that only formally defined a decade ago, but in the intervening years it has seen a significant growth worldwide. The range of presentations at this conference on different creative tourism programmes from all corners of the globe is a clear indication of how widespread it now is. In this research I will try and set out some of the reasons for this growth, the different forms of creative tourism that have developed and the challenges that remain for those involved in this new sector of tourism. My basic argument is that the growth of creative tourism has been driven by both production and consumption related forces, and that the maximum benefit can be derived by creatively combining the efforts of both producers and consumers to develop it as a panacea for economic sustainability to the people of Abia State that both engage and transform participants and host communities alike.
1.1 Background to the Study
The term creative tourism was coined by Richards and Raymond 2000. The idea for more creative forms of tourism originated in a European project EUROTEX which aimed to stimulate craft production through tourism Richards, 2005.
Although the idea of developing creative experiences was not in itself new, creative tourism was quickly taken up and made more concrete through the development of courses and workshops e.g. Creative Tourism New Zealand, conferences and seminars Barcelona 2005, 2010, Santa Fe, 2008 and a range of publications Richards and Wilson 2006,2007; Wurzburger et al. 2008; Richards, 2011.
The creative tourism idea seemed to catch on not only because of the evolution of tourist demand but also because it fitted a range of contemporary policy agendas. Creativity has indeed been broadly applied in several fields, most notably in the creative and cultural industries. The Green Paper on Cultural and Creative industries European Commission, 2010 was a major source of legitimation of demands for more studies of and intervention in the creative field.
In recent years the recognition of the economic potential of culture e.g. KEA, 2006 as well as creativity e.g. UN, 2008; 2010 seemed to position creativity as a development tool and as a potential solution to a range of economic and social problems the need for innovation, new approaches to learning, developing social capital and community cohesion, etc.. With the advent of the global financial crisis, the need for creativity seems have climbed even higher up many political agendas. This is also clear in the field of tourism, with the recent renaming of the Indonesian Ministry for Culture and Tourism as the Ministry for Tourism and Creative Economy and the development of creative tourism networks in places as far afield as Barcelona, Santa Fe and Thailand see below.
Creative tourism appears therefore as a key development option for various reasons and can serve distinctive objectives. Firstly, it responds to the need for tourism to reinvent itself as well as to the need for destinations to do something different in a saturated market. It can also meet the desire of tourists for more fulfilling and meaningful experiences see also the concept of experiential tourism Prentice, 2001: 2005; Smith 2006. On another level, there is a growing raft of small creative enterprises, looking for new markets to develop. Creativity is becoming an increasingly popular career option McRobbie, 2010 and the new creatives need markets to target. The popularity of creative practices such as music, dance and photography is also increasing e.g. Cultural Alliance, 2010. Altogether, these trends explain and to a certain extent legitimate the popularity of creative development strategies among policy makers.
At the same time, many cities are struggling to become more creative, and to present themselves as creative destinations not only as places where cocreation is possible, but also for attracting creative and educated people the creative class, Florida, 2002. Attracting the creative class as visitors may eventually also persuade them to live in these cities, which in turn will contribute to their creative atmosphere, adding in turn to creative production and tourism attractiveness. The end result has been more than a decade of expanding creative tourism production and consumption, to the point where it has become an established niche in the global tourism market.
Some of the most developed examples of creative tourism activities are provided by creative networks aimed at linking tourists and locals. As well as the Creative Tourism Barcelona programme which is described in more detail in the current issue by Caroline Couret, Creative Paris http://www.creativeparis.info/en/ has recently been established, offering a range of creative experiences for visitors including visual, performing and culinary arts, fashion and design, writing and philosophy and gardening. In Austria, a range of creative experiences throughout the country have been brought together by Creative Tourism Austria http://www.kreativreisen.at/en/home.html, which provides links to various creative hotspots around the country. Creative Tourism Austria also has a model based more on developing relationships with commercial partners, including hotels and spas.
Creative Tourist.com has been established by the Manchester Museums Consortium, and acts more as an information board for people wanting to experience the creative scene in Manchester http://www.creativetourist.com. As the website itself explains, it is: A Manchester Facebooky, Twittery, Guardianish, Bookmarky, ArtscumCulturecumShopping Foodie Guide Type Thing. These developments underline the increasing intertwining of creativity, tourism, new media and networks in the contemporary network society Castells, 1996.
1.2 Statement of Problem
A growing number of tourists at major sites and in small communities have raised questions about the sustainability of this form of tourism. Historic city centres have started to suffer from a vicious circle of cultural tourism development in which famous sites attract large number of tourists thus degrading the quality of experience and driving serious cultural tourists away Russo, 2002. In the search for their uniqueness through cultural tourism, many places have followed similar strategies, which have resulted in making those places feel and look the same Richards and Wilson, 2006. Consequently, several places have started to search for the new forms of articulation between culture and tourism to help to strengthen rather than water down local culture.
The researcher have identify the following problem within the case study among which are:
That Akwette cloth weaving in Ukwa west L.G.A have recently have a downside in marketing and this is as a result that the management has decided to reduce the quality of its production from the original.
Notwithstanding the above issue, the production company has been able to give employment to the youths of the community, but are limited to the brown of production the produce.
The researcher also seek it explore and find out if Akwette cloth weaving in ukwa west L.G.A has been able to serve as a panacea to the economic sustainability of the state Abia.
1.3 Aim and Objectives of Study
The project work aims at determining and highlighting the sore contribution of creative tourism to economic sustainability to thee people of Abia State.
The objectives are stated as follows:
To determine the relationship between creative tourism and economic sustainability.
To explore the weakness and challenges of creative tourism within the community Ukwa west L.G.A.
To evaluate Akwette cloth weaving industry in ukwa west L.G.A and its progression.
Finally to make possible suggestion and recommendation to the industry based on the findings of this research.
1.4Conceptual Framework
Since creative tourism has been referenced as a subset of cultural tourism, I have studied the much larger field of cultural tourism to give my research of creative tourism history and depth.
Identified creative tourism resources include the Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice, which deals with a variety of tourism subsets and initiatives including a specific special issue on creative tourism. Books found include; Tourism, Creativity and Development by Greg Richards Julie Wilson and Creative Tourism: A Global Conversation: How to Provide Unique Creative Experiences for the People Worldwide, which was based on the 2008 Santa Fe International Conference on Creative Tourism held in Santa Fe, New Mexico. This conference brought together delegates from 16 countries around the world to engage in a conversation about how best to leverage the tourism sector for community and economic development.
1.5 Research Questions
The following research questions shall guide the study;
Has Akwette cloth weaving in ukwa west L.G.A been able to provide job opportunity to the youths of the community
What is the contribution of Akwette cloth weaving to the community at large in terms of cooperate image.
What is the revenue generated from Akwette cloth weaving in ukwa west L.G.A to the government per annum
What are the challenges faced in the industry towards creative tourism
How can creative tourism be developed and promoted as a panacea for Economic Sustainability
1.6 Research hypotheses
The following hypotheses will be tested in the study;
Ho:There is no significant relationship between creative tourism to economic sustainability
Hi:There is no significant relationship between creative tourism to economic sustainability
Ho:An increase to creative tourism industry by the government will have no significance impact to the state economic sustainability.
Hi:An increase to creative tourism industry by the government will have no significance impact to the state economic sustainability.
1.7 Significance of the Study
This report provides an extensive analysis on creative tourism and its sustainability to the state economic value:To the body of academic, this study will serve as a search light indicating area of further researchs on this topic. This research work will serve as a turning point in the study of creative tourism, particularly as it concern sustainability.
1.8 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is covers only Akwette cloth weaving in ukwa west L.G.A, its creative arts and tourism, its development, the sustainability it offers, to the community and the state at large.
Also, this research work is administered to only 241 respondents out of the entire population of the community.
1.9 Definition of Key Terms
Creative Tourism: Creative Tourism is tourism directed toward an engaged and authentic experience,with participative learning in the arts, heritage or special character of a place Rebecca , W., Aageson, T., Pattakos, A., Pratt, S., 2009.
Cultural Tourism: Travel involving passive visitor interaction in art, music, history or cultural of a location.
Cultural Entrepreneurs: Cultural Entrepreneurs are cultural change agents and resourceful visionaries who organize cultural, financial, social and human capital, to generate revenue from a cultural activity. Their innovative solutions result in economically sustainable cultural enterprises that enhance livelihoods and create cultural value and wealth for both creative producers and consumers of cultural services and products Anheier, H. and Isar, Y., 2008.
Economic Development: Quantitative and qualitative changes in the economy which may be do to policy makers that promote the economic growth of an area.
Reed: This is a kind of coarse, firmstemmed, jointed grasses growing in a near waterland used for thatching.
Visitor: For the purpose of this research a visitor is someone who lives outside Santa Fe County.
Yarn: These are fibres which has been spun for knitting and weaving
Design: This is a drawing or outline from which something may be made
Dye: Colours, usually by dipping in a liquid. These are various types of dyes and for various categories of a cloth. Nowadays a lot of improvement has been made in synthetic dyes.
Warp: This refers to the vertical threads strips of a loom in weaving.
Weft: This refers to the horizontal threads of strips passed over and under the wrap of a loom in weaving
Straw: Stem of wheat or other grain planted that have been cut and dried. It is used for making mats.
| This research work is on prospects and problems of emarketing in the hospitality industry.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
This research is on prospects and problems of e-marketing in the hospitality industry. According to the definition provided by the American Marketing Association (2008), marketing refers to “an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. In essence, marketing is a consumer-oriented philosophy or way of doing business; companies that are consumer oriented will put consumers’ needs and wants on their top priority. From this perspective, the ultimate goal of marketing is therefore to create and retain profitable customers by satisfying their demands. It is worth noting that the goal of retaining profitable customers is particularly challenging in Asia including Hong Kong. This is because people in this region tend to be more group oriented and the word-of-mouth effects are especially strong.
Hospitality marketing is unique because it deals with the tangible product, like a bed in the hotel or food in the restaurant, but it also deals with the intangible aspects of the hospitality and tourism industry. It is about the experience in a trip and social status it brings eating in a fine-dining restaurant. Hospitality marketing is very critical in the success of any hospitality and tourism product, organization and tourist destination. Proper marketing effort promotes a product or service that fills the needs and wants of the consumers and at the same time, bring profits to the organization or country that features it.
E-marketing is any marketing done online via websites or other online tools and resources. E-marketing can include paid services while other methods are virtually free. A wide variety of E-marketing methods are at your disposal, including: direct email, SMS/text messaging, blogs, webpages, banners, videos, images, ads, social media, search engines, and much, much more.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It has been emphasized that the immense contribution of internet towards the development of the hospitality industry and the country as a whole is enormous and that organizations from all over the world now depend almost on the use of internet (ICT) to manage and market their services. Therefore those who have not as yet adopted ICT in their operations to take a critical look at it.
The contribution of the hospitality industry to the overall growth of the economy of Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. For the hospitality industry to succeed, the need for efficient and responsive hotel subsector which incorporates modern trend of business and customer service cannot be ignored. The efficiency and smart services provided attributable to e-business present a bigger opportunity to firms, industry and the country as a whole necessitating the availability of knowledge through research.
Skepticism about e-marketing has always been a barrier to reaping the benefits inherent in its adoption especially in the developing countries where information and communication technology (ICT) is yet to see its best days.
To many businesses, the use of its existing structures, systems and methods help managers and operators remain in their comfort zone without many challenges. E- Business however presents a more contrasting option and its adoption brings more benefits and provides global competitiveness for modern business.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are to find out the following:
- To examine if there is a significant relationship between E-marketing and hospitality
- To identify the benefits of e-business to the hospitality industry in Nigeria.
- To discover the factors that contributes to the effectiveness of E-marketing
- To determine the whether e-marketing bring challenges to customers’ of the hospitality and tourism industry.
- To find out whether there is possible ways of correcting the electronic threats.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions were stated to guide this study:
(a) Are there any significant relationship between e-marketing and hospitality?
(b) Are there the benefits of e-business to the hospitality industry in Nigeria?
(c) What factors contributes to the effectiveness of E-marketing?
- d) Does e-marketing bring challenges to customers’ of the hospitality and tourism industry?
(e) Are there possible ways of correcting the electronic threats?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study can be seen in the fact that the outcome can be applied in the development of national policy framework as a guide for e-marketing (i.e. e-business) adoption. The study will improve our understanding of the following issues as they apply in the Nigerian situation. It shows the relevance of e-business in hospitality for a developing country like Nigeria. It reveals the benefits derived from adopting e- marketing.
It addresses the challenges that prevent firms from taking advantage of e-business. It provides the basis of future research into the adoption of e-business in other sectors of the Nigeria economy.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study concerns about prospects and problems of e- marketing in the hospitality industry using the prestigious Planet One Hospitality as a case study. The study will focus on the concept of e- marketing, hotel industry e-marketing as well as benefits of e-marketing and services to customer services.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
- a) Financial constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
- b) Time constraint: The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
| ABSTRACT
This project analyses the emerging trends in creative tourism, as well as the possibilities of developing creative offer as a means of sustainable development protection of resources, sociocultural elements, natural elements and improving the local populations standard of living of small historic towns in Ekiti state It further analyses the current state of creative offer, sets the goals and suggests some possible strategies for developing creative tourism educational workshops, creative workshops, etc. as both the basic and additional element of the tourist offer based on sustainable principles, and for creating a recognizable destination brand identity through a valorisation of uniqueness and diversity. The project also answers the key questions of creative tourism offer enrichment and enhancement, and defines the means to innovate the promotional strategy with the goal of repositioning. The reconception of development in small historic towns and, ultimately, attracting future tourists, requires a synergy of all offer stakeholders, local communities and indigenous residents in forming new elements of creative initiatives through a valorisation of the past and the present. |
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