ABSTRACT
The research is an assessment of the delivery of low income housing in Nigeria, it analyzes the prospect and challenges of delivery of low income housing in Nigeria and intends to proffer recommendations toward an efficient delivery of low income housing in Nigeria.
Residents of Jos Metropolis will be used as the case study for this research.
| Settings | DELIVERY OF LOW INCOME HOUSING IN NIGERIA remove | APPRAISAL OF MODERN STRATEGIES FOR HOUSING DELIVERY remove | IMPROVING MAINTENANCE CULTURE AND QUALITY OF PUBLIC PROPERTIES IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF AKWA IBOM INTERNATIONAL STADIUM) remove | DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE SERVICE STATION 9TH MILE CORNER ENUGU remove | ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN THE EXECUTION OF PUBLIC SECTOR HOUSING PROJECTS IN NIGERIA remove | DESIGN OF AN EFFECTIVE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE remove |
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| Name | DELIVERY OF LOW INCOME HOUSING IN NIGERIA remove | APPRAISAL OF MODERN STRATEGIES FOR HOUSING DELIVERY remove | IMPROVING MAINTENANCE CULTURE AND QUALITY OF PUBLIC PROPERTIES IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF AKWA IBOM INTERNATIONAL STADIUM) remove | DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE SERVICE STATION 9TH MILE CORNER ENUGU remove | ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN THE EXECUTION OF PUBLIC SECTOR HOUSING PROJECTS IN NIGERIA remove | DESIGN OF AN EFFECTIVE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE remove |
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| Content | DELIVERY OF LOW INCOME HOUSING IN NIGERIAABSTRACT The research is an assessment of the delivery of low income housing in Nigeria, it analyzes the prospect and challenges of delivery of low income housing in Nigeria and intends to proffer recommendations toward an efficient delivery of low income housing in Nigeria. Residents of Jos Metropolis will be used as the case study for this research. | APPRAISAL OF MODERN STRATEGIES FOR HOUSING DELIVERYCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Housing shortage is one of the most serious developmental challenges presently confronting Nigeria. Stakeholders and industry operatives in building technology are unanimous in their opinion that the process of housing delivery in Nigeria needs a change of strategy. In this study, the researcher is examining modern ways that could be explored to meet the nation’s housing deficit which stands around 17million units (Akeju, 2012). Although Nigeria with a population of over 160 million people has been identified as the largest market in Africa for everything, including real estate, growing demand for decent shelter has continued to meet leaner supply of housing units.Over the years, successive governments in the country had tinkered with policies in a bid to achieve its mass housing objective but due to lack of reasonable commitment to it, achieving the goal has remained elusive (FRN, 2007). Experts who gave analytical insight into the problem of housing delivery in Nigeria called for a declaration of a state of emergency in the housing sector, saying innovative thinking and modern strategies could bring about better outcomes that will enhance housing delivery process in the country. It is a known fact that financing of housing projects remained one of the biggest problems in the sector that is militating against housing delivery. Akeju (2012) is of the opinion that the major issue in housing delivery is funding, getting appropriate funding. There is money flowing everywhere but the right type of money needed for long term project like housing is not available. Something that can really work for affordable housing can be akin to what the Federal Mortgage Bank offers which cannot go round. Modern strategy in housing delivery in Nigeria will reiterates the government’s priority to tackle overcrowding and the ambitious target to reduce severe overcrowding in rented housing apartments (Bush, 2004). Alongside making funding available for larger homes, with at least higher number of bedrooms, and a long-term commitment to deliver the familysized affordable homes should be identified in a strategic plan for housing delivery (Easton, 2006). There are many strategies needed to facilitate massive housing deliveryin Nigeria but modern and technologically-inspired large scale housing schemes – schemes and sites with thousands of housing units could play a significant role in the delivery of the large number of houses the Nigerians needs.Theexperience of the last 20 years suggests that the level of demand for new homes over the next decade will not be met by piecemeal incremental developments. In Nigeria today, there is a shortage of housing for low-income earners and constantly growing housing demands (due to increase in population) that are not met. Unfortunately, banks are reluctant to provide mortgage facilities to low-income earners. In order to solve the housing/mortgage challenges faced by the Nigeria populace, the Nigerian Mortgage Refinance Company (NMRC) was established to promote home ownership and increase the availability and affordability of mortgage loans to Nigerians.In spite of the incorporation of NMRC in June 24, 2013, not much has changed. The apathy of banks towards mortgage transactions still lingers, understandably, because of the risk of default. To buttress this, 66,402 Nigerians applied for mortgages during the recent Nigerian Housing Finance Programme. Only 10,000 Nigerians were selected. However, the interest rates by primary mortgage institutions that participated in the programme were alarming (14.5% -19%).It is suggested that a cue be taken from other countries where the cost of mortgage for first time home buyers are low, with small down payments and easy terms especially, a single digit interest rate. 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The problem of housing delivery is of great concern in many countries. This problem is especially prominent in Nigeria. The challenge as been magnified as a result of a myriad of issues, not least, a high population growth rate, shortage of necessary skills and disintegrated supply chain. There is need for Nigerian government and stakeholders in the building industry to rise up to housing needs of Nigerians in quality and quantity. Some researchers has advocated other modern methods of construction like dry construction has strategy to mass housing delivery. However, the researcher is examining how modern strategies can be used to ensure that the housing need of Nigerians are met. 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The following are the objectives of this study: 1. To examine the modern strategies that can be used for effective housing delivery. 2. To determine the effect of modern strategies on housing delivery in Nigeria. 3. To analyze the factors hindering the use of modern strategies in housing delivery in Nigeria. 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. What are the modern strategies that can be used for effective housing delivery? 2. What is the effect of modern strategies on housing delivery in Nigeria? 3. What are the factors hindering the use of modern strategies in housing delivery in Nigeria? 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The following are the significance of this study: 1. Outcome of this study will educate stakeholders in the building industry, government and policy makers on the modern strategies that can be used to solve the problems of housing deficit in Nigeria. 2. This research will also serve as a resource base to other scholars and researchers interested in carrying out further research in this field subsequently, if applied will go to an extent to provide new explanation to the topic 1.6 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY This study on appraisal of modern strategies for housing delivery in Nigeria will cover all the effort and approaches of past and present government of Nigeria at tackling the problem of housing deficit in Nigeria. It will also cover the new approaches and strategies that can be used for mass housing development. LIMITATION OF STUDY Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview). Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work. | IMPROVING MAINTENANCE CULTURE AND QUALITY OF PUBLIC PROPERTIES IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF AKWA IBOM INTERNATIONAL STADIUM) CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The Advanced Learners Dictionary defines maintenance as the process of protecting or preserving someone or something, or the process of keeping something in good condition. Culture, on the other hand, is a way of life, a lifestyle, customs, traditions, habits that portray the attributes of a person/people. Maintenance culture is an attitude which is sadly lacking in Nigeria, whether in the home, office, school or factory. Mbamali (2003) added that poor maintenance culture has become a widely recognized problem in Nigeria which has poorly affected the quality of public properties. Public property is property that is dedicated to public use and is a subset of state property. The term may be used either to describe the use to which the property is put, or to describe the character of its ownership (owned collectively by the population of a state). This is in contrast to private property, owned by an individual person or artificial entities that represent the financial interests of persons, such as corporations. State ownership, also called public ownership, government ownership or state property, are property interests that are vested in the state, rather than an individual or communities (Wikipedia, 2015). Maintenance culture in Nigeria is one of the lowest around the world, especially, in our principal towns and cities where the majority of public properties are located. In the rural areas, the story is different and pleasant to hear. The traditional practice of communal clearing of community owned places such as market playground is in almost every village and in private homes. Also, it is customary to refurbish building interiors with mixtures of cow dung or natural red clay. The end result is attractive and totally indigenous. According to Wahab (1995) the nation accords low priority to property management leading to neglect of public properties. Mbamali (2003) asserted that we have no maintenance policy and therefore no such culture exists. Neglect of maintenance has accumulated consequences in rapid increase in the deterioration of the fabric and finishes of a building, accompanied by a harmful effect on the contents occupants Seeley, (1987). Inadequate maintenance culture is a peculiar feature of almost every public building in Nigeria. According to Rotimi and Mtallib (1995) is partly due to poor maintenance culture on one hand and partly due to the absence of an appropriate benchmark. Gurjit (1990) asserted that lack of proper maintenance culture bring the life of these public building last before reaching the total obsolescence state. The declining maintenance culture in Nigeria and its effect on public buildings and all other properties has become a major problem to the government at various levels. This study examines ways of improving maintenance culture and its effect on quality of public properties A great portion of a nation wealth is evident in the total value of its public properties and buildings; it is also an important factor in the production of the building to be preserved. A poorly maintained building in a decaying environment depresses the quality of live and contributes in some measures to anti social behaviour which threatens the socio" political environment it finds itself in According to Stephen (2002) public properties services rarely perform as well as desired. The causes emanate from deficiencies in design, construction, commissioning and maintenance, many researchers have also observed that the generators of maintenance problems could be looked upon has caused during the design stage or construction stage or initiated during the usage stage or the user’s carefree attitudes (Bad maintenance culture) which will eventually deteriorate the condition of the property. He further said that all these could be planned for during the design stage. Maintenance problems though do manifest during the use of the building, their causes might be during the design stage. These made Dekker (2002) to assert that thinking on the maintenance should start in the design phase. According to Speight (2000), it is at the design stage that the maintenance burden can be positively influenced for better or for worse. Where the designer fails to make adequate consideration for minimizing maintenance problems, it always turns out to be a big problem when the building is eventually occupied for usage, the consideration for effective maintenance as one of the parameters for the building design. Seeley (1997) also said that a skilful design can reduce the amount of maintenance work and also make it easier to perform, since good maintenance begins on the drawing board. 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Oladimeji (1996) further described maintenance of public properties as the combination of any continuous actions carried out to retain a property in or restore it to an acceptable condition. Onwuka (1989) stated that maintenance culture is concerned with the planning and control of construction resources to ensure that necessary repairs and renewal are carried out with maximum efficiency and economy to enhance the quality of the property. However, the researcher is examining the ways of improving maintenance culture and quality of public properties in Nigeria. 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The following are the objectives of this study: 1. To examine ways of improving maintenance culture in Nigeria. 2. To determine ways of enhancing the quality of public properties through improved maintenance culture. 3. To determine the factors affecting maintenance culture in Nigeria. 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 2. What are the ways of improving maintenance culture in Nigeria? 3. What are the ways of enhancing the quality of public properties through improved maintenance culture? 4. What are the factors affecting maintenance culture in Nigeria. 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The following are the significance of this study: 1. The findings from this study will educate the government and policy makers, stakeholders in building and the general public on the need for improvement in maintenance culture as a way of improving the quality of public property. 2. This research will also serve as a resource base to other scholars and researchers interested in carrying out further research in this field subsequently, if applied will go to an extent to provide new explanation to the topic 1.7 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY This study on improving maintenance culture and quality of public properties in Nigeria will cover the attitude of Nigerians to the adequate maintenance of public properties, looking at ways to improve maintenance culture with a view to improve the quality of public properties. LIMITATION OF STUDY Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview). Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work. REFERENCES Dekker, B. (2002). Application of maintenance optimization models; a review and analysis on reliability engineering and system safety lsevier science ltd. Northern Ireland Gurjit, L. (1990). The Surveyor and Establishing a maintenance management system for cinema building maintenance vol. 3, American business journal Mbamali, P. (2003). The Impact of accumulation deferred maintenance on selected buildings of Two Federal Universities in the Northwest zone of Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science vol 3 (17) . Oladimeji, A.B. 1996. ‘Budgeting, Costing and Cost Control in Maintenance Engineering and Management”, being a paper delivered at a 3-Day Course organized by the Nigerian Society of Engineers, Osogbo Branch at the Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State, 3rd – 5th July. Onwuka, E.S. 1989. “Maintenance in Building and Construction Works”. Lagos Q.S. Digest Journal Vol. 3 No 1, pp 3 - 4 Rotimi, L.A. and Mtallib, M.E. (1995). A paper title: Economic consideration works, proceedings of the International conference on maintenance of engineering Facilities in developing countries 8aborne, Botswana. Seeley, T. (1987). Building maintenance. 2nd edition Macmillan press Ltd, Nothingham. Speight, B. A. (2000). Maintenance of Buildings - its relationship to design, The chattered surveyor 1-10 166. Stephen, L. (2012). Building services maintenance - The forgotten Discipline, Aha management publications www.aha.com.auGenergy1.htm Wahab, J.A. (1995) Adequate and Affordable Housing for Nigeria in the 21st century housing today. Journal of the Association of Housing Science and its application, vol. 2, | DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE SERVICE STATION 9TH MILE CORNER ENUGU
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Fire: A friend to man and a threat to humanity. The word “FIRE“is one of the most dreaded expressions in every language because it has proved to be as dangerous as its usefulness. Controlled fire is useful to man but uncontrolled fire is one of man’s worst enemies. Thousands of lives and properties are lost each year through uncontrolled fire.
1.1PROBLEM STATEMENT
Most of the fire service stations in the country are dilapidate, no architectural interest. Are mostly sited in the areas that are not located within the residential areas which are bound to have higher risk of fire outbreak.
Most of the fire service station does not have enough space for storage of chemicals and fire equipments.
There is no good integration of the building into the landscape and the urban area of the town.
1.2 GOALS OF THE PROJECT DESIGN
There are many goals to be fulfilled in the design of this fire station. Among these are:-
| ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN THE EXECUTION OF PUBLIC SECTOR HOUSING PROJECTS IN NIGERIA CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Housing (Shelter) is unarguably one of the basic necessities of man. It used to be ranked second after food in the hierarchy of man’s needs but according to Ebie (2009) it is the first and most important of all rights. According to him, because of the importance attached to housing and coupled with the fact that housing in all its ramifications is more than mere shelter, then, execution of public sector housing embraces all social services and utilities that go to make a community or neighbourhood a livable environment, this is now a right in Nigeria. This position is reinforced by section 16(1)(d) of 1999 constitution under the Fundamental Objectives of State Policy which compels the Nigerian State “to provide suitable and adequate shelter for all citizens” Even though this provision is not actionable, it reinforces the call for public sector driven mass housing provision in Nigeria. Housing being a right entails that all strata of a society including the less privileged members of the society, the old, the disadvantaged, the wondering psychotics should own or have access to decent, safe and sanitary housing accommodation at affordable disposal prices or rental with secure tenure. Unfortunately the reverse is the case as in spite of the policies, institutions and regulations which various Nigerian Governments have put in place since independence; there is still dearth of housing for low income segment. A recent study of housing situation in Nigeria put existing housing stock at 23 per 1000 inhabitant. Housing deficit is put at 15 million housing units (Mabogunje, 2007) while 12 trillion naira will be required to finance the deficit. This is about 4 times the annual budget of Nigeria (FHA, 2007). Housing is of supreme importance to man and one of the best indicators of a person’s standard of living and his place in society. However, at no point has it been adequately supplied either quantitatively or qualitatively (Jiboye 2009; Omoniyi & Jiboye, 2011). Over time, the need for adequate shelter has continued to attract global attention especially in developing countries where the urbanization process has been growing at an alarming rate. The phenomenal rise in population, increase in number and size of most cities in the past decades have led to acute shortage of adequate dwelling units in many urban centres globally (Jiboye, 2009). Consequently, in recent time, the issue of housing has formed part of the major discussion in several global summits such as the 1992 Rio-de Janeiro summit on environment and development, the 1996 Habitat summit at Istanbul, the 2000 New York, United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) summit, 2002 World Summit in Johannesburg and the 2005 La Havana, UN sustainable Cities Documentation of Experience Programme (Oladunjoye, 2005; UN-Habitat, 2007; UNDPI, 2008). Nigeria, like other developing countries is saddled with uncontrollable growth of the urban population caused by lack of provision of infrastructural facilities and poor economic conditions in the rural areas. The proportion of the Nigerian population living in urban centres has increased phenomenally from 7% in the 1930s, 10% in 1950, 20% in 1970, 27% in 1980 to 35% in 1990 (Okupe, 2002). Over 40% of Nigerians now live in urban centres of varying sizes. The incidence of this population in urban centres has created severe housing problems, resulting in overcrowding in inadequate dwellings, and in a situation in which 60% of Nigerians can be said to be “houseless persons” (Federal Government of Nigeria, 2004). Besides the incidence of overcrowding in the existing housing stock, rural-urban drift has occasioned the sprouting of make shift dwellings or squatter settlements in cities that are devoid of minimum structural and normative quality. Majority of the houses are constructed with all sorts of refuse/second-hand materials in illegally occupied self allocated land, they are badly maintained and lack the basic necessities of life like sanitary facilities, light, air and privacy. As evidenced by past researches in housing studies, most urban centres in the country are characterized by high density buildings, acute sanitary problems, pollution of air, surface water, noise and solid wastes (Filani, 1987, Agbola, 1998). According to Olotuah (2002) estimated 2.3 million urban dwelling units are substandard, only 33% of urban houses can be considered to be physically sound, and 44% and 19% require minor and major repairs respectively to bring them to normative and structural quality. Despite all efforts of the government at achieving sustained housing delivery to the common people, existing realities indicate the goal is far from being achieved. It is against this background that this research examines the major issues and challenges of execution of public sector housing in Nigeria with a view to stimulating relevant agencies of government and other stakeholders into designing appropriate strategies for effective execution of public sector housing in Nigeria. 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM In many developing countries, including Nigeria, urban housing crisis is escalating unabated despite a number of new policies, programs and strategies being engaged in by public and private sectors aimed at execution of public sector housing in addressing this problem (Okupe, 2002). Since execution of public sector housing is principally carried out by government agencies and their collaborators, the researcher argues that one vital step to addressing myriads of issues and challenges in execution of public sector housing in Nigeria is to identify areas of weakness in public housing agencies and subsequently address such weakness for enhanced productivity (Jiboye, 2009). It is for this reason that the study investigated the contextual and organizational challenges related to execution of public sector housing in Nigeria in the post independence era. This study attempted at using key organizational components to assess areas of challenges in execution of public sector housing among government agencies in the study area. This is with a view to assisting public-sector housing policy makers and program managers chart future pathways for improved performance in public housing provision and management in Nigeria. 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The general objective of this research is to analyze the issues and challenges in the execution of public sector housing in Nigeria while the following are the specific objectives: 1. To examine the challenges of execution of public sector housing in Nigeria. 2. To ascertain the factors causing housing challenges in Nigeria. 3. To determine the solution to the issues of execution of public sector housing in Nigeria. 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. What are the issues and challenges in execution of public sector housing in Nigeria? 2. What are the factors causing housing challenges in Nigeria? 3. What are the solutions to the issues of execution of public sector housing in Nigeria? 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The following are the significance of this study: 1. Outcome of this study will educate stakeholders in housing development and the general public on the issues and challenges of execution of public sector housing in Nigeria thereby making the study very useful as a guide to policy makers in government. This will however helped in better housing development policy adoption and implementation. 2. This study will also assist public-sector housing policy makers and program managers to chart future pathways for improved performance in execution of public sector housing and management in Nigeria. 3. This research will also serve as a resource base to other scholars and researchers interested in carrying out further research in this field subsequently, if applied, it will go to an extent to provide new explanation to the topic. 1.7 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY This study on issues and challenges in the execution of public sector housing project in Nigeria will cover the major issues on poor housing development in Nigeria with a view to determine a strategic framework for massive execution of public sector housing projects in Nigeria. LIMITATION OF STUDY Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview). Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work. 1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS Housing: Buildings or structures that individuals and their family may live in that meet certain federal regulations. Different housing situations vary for individuals and may depend on age, family, and geographic location. For example, a recent university graduate in an urban environment in the US may live in a rented apartment whereas a middle-aged entrepreneur may live in a house with or without a mortgage. Public: of or concerning the people as a whole. Population: all the inhabitants of a particular place. Migration: Movement of people to a new area or country in order to find work or better living conditions: the extensive rural-to-urban migration has created a severe housing problems. REFERENCES Agbola, S.B. (1998) The housing of Nigerians – A review of policy development and implementation. Research Reports No. 14 Ibadan, Nigeria: Development Policy Centre. Ebie, S.P.O.F.(2009, May). Public sector driven housing; achievements and problems. Paper presented at the 2009 Faculty of Environmental Sciences Annual lecture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Federal Government of Nigeria (2004) National Housing Policy Draft, Abuja. Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999) Constitution 10 Jiboye, A.D (2009). The challenges of sustainable housing and urban development in Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Research and Policies 4(3), 23-27 Okupe, L (2002) Private sector initiative in housing development in Nigeria – How feasible? Housing Today, 1(6), 21-26 OladunJoye, A. O. (2005). Implementation of the sustainable cities programme in Nigeria. Havana 2005 – Documentation of experience SCP.LA21. Sustainable cities programme. Locating Agenda 21 Programme. Olotuoh, A.O. & Ajemifujah, A.O. (2009). Architectural education and housing provision in Nigeria. CEBE Transactions 6(1), 86-102. Retrieved from http://www.cebe.heacademy.ac.uk/transactions /pdf/ olotuahajemifujah6 (1) p.d.f. Omoniyi, S & Jiboye, A.D (2011). Effective housing policy and sustainable development in Nigeria. International Journal of Development Studies. 6(1), 129-135 UN-Habitat, (2007) Milestones in the Evolution of Human Settlement Policies. 1976-2006. State of the World Cities. Report 2006/2007. The MDGS and Urban Sustainability. 30 years of Shaping the Habitat Agenda. Earsthean United Nations Development of Public Information (UNDPI) (2008). Achieving the Millennium Development Goals in Africa. Recommendations of the MDG steering group. Retrieved from http://www.indgafrica.org.pdf. | DESIGN OF AN EFFECTIVE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE Brief Description of the Building Type Primary Health Care (PHC) is driven by a political philosophy that emphasizes a radical change in both the design and content of conventional health care services. It also advocates an approach to health care principles that allow people to receive health care that enables them to lead socially and economically productive lives (Dennil et al. 1999: 2). The Alma-Ata declaration of September 1978 defined the concept of PHC as essential care based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable health care methods and technology, made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination. It forms an integral part both of the country’s health system, of which it is the central function and main focus, and of the overall social and economic development of the community. It is the first level of contact for individuals, the family and the community within the national health system, bringing health care as close as possible to where people live and work, and constitutes health care services (WHO 1998: 15). In addition, Alma-Ata declaration states that any Primary Health Care program should include at least the following components, namely, education about prevailing health problems and methods of preventing and controlling them; the promotion of food supply and proper nutrition; an adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation; maternal and child health care, including family planning and care of high risk groups; immunization against the major infectious diseases; prevention and control of locally endemic diseases; appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries and the provision of essential drugs, including vaccines. Primary Health Care Centre is the cornerstone of rural health services- a first port of call to a qualified doctor of the public sector in rural areas for the sick and those who directly report or referred from Sub-Centres for curative, preventive and promotive health care (India, 2002). Primary Health Care Centre is a basic health unit to provide as close to the people as possible, an integrated curative and preventive health care to the rural population with emphasis on preventive and promotive aspects of health care. We are in a period of major change, with more being provided at primary level rather than in hospitals. 1.2.0 Client Background History The Client/User As part of the “change” campaign of the current administration in the State of Osun, the Obokun Local Government of the state under the leadership of the Local Government Chairman, has proposed an efficient Primary Health Care Centre for the benefit of the people in Obokun Local Government Area, as the current Centres in the area are inadequate in terms of quality of the services they render/offer. Brief History of Obokun Local Government Area Obokun is a Local Government Area in Osun State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Ibokun at 7047’00”N 4043’00’E / 7.783330N 4.716670E. Other towns in Obokun Local Government Area include Imesi-Ile, Otan-Ile, Esa-Oke, Ilase, Iponda, Ikinyinwa, Idominasi and Ora. Project Location The Primary Health Care Centre is being proposed to be located in Iponda town in Obokun local government area, Osun state, Nigeria, Africa. Its geographical coordinates are 7o 44’ 0” North, 4o 43’ 0” East. Obokun local government covers a total land area of 527km2 (203sq mi), and a total population (according to 2006 census) of 116,511. |
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