Description
Evaluation of the anti-convulsant activities of ethanol leaf extract of detarium senegalense and N-hexanefraction in mice.
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders, responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality due to limited efficacy and adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs. Medicinal plants are an important potential source of new therapeutic agents. Detarium Senegalense is used in traditional medicine in parts of Africa to treat epilepsy and other conditions. This study evaluated the anticonvulsant potential of D. Senegalense leaf extract in mice using the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), brucine, and isoniazid (INH) models. The ethanol extract of D. Senegalense leaves displayed a significant dose-dependent delay in seizure onset, frequency, and duration compared to controls in the PTZ, brucine, and INH tests. The hexane fraction also showed some anticonvulsant effects. Phytochemical analysis revealed the extract contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, glycosides, sugars and resins. Acute toxicity testing showed an LD50 above 5000 mg/kg. These findings indicate D. Senegalense leaf extract has anticonvulsant properties, supporting its traditional use for epilepsy. The extract was active across multiple animal models, suggesting potential antimyoclonic and anti generalized tonic-clonic seizure activity along with effects on seizure threshold. Further research on D. Senegalense bioactive compounds is warranted to fully characterize its anticonvulsant potential and explore possible development or standardization as an epilepsy therapeutic. The preclinical efficacy, high LD50, and phytochemical profile showing the presence of compound classes with known anticonvulsant effects collectively indicate this indigenous African species as promising for further epilepsy research.
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