| Content | Abstract
This project looks at The effectiveness of OSBC radio public enlightenment on female genital mutilation control in Osun state. This study was guided by the following objectives to identify the roles played by OSBC in enlightening the public on Female genital mutilation, to examine the effectiveness of the role of OSBC radio public enlightenment on Female Genital Mutilation, to examine the effects of Female Genital mutilation on the girl child and to appraise the public reaction to the campaign against female genital mutilation. To know this, 200 copies of questionnaires were administered to critically examine the topic. The use of questionnaires is because of its necessity in survey research it provides the means of discove1ring the prevailing attitude and reactions of population. The data collected were presented and analyzed, testing the validity of the research questions and the result of the findings in addition to their interpretations. The theories used for this project are selectivity theory and agenda-setting theory. It is therefore recommended that local Government should do more of public awareness in all sectors of the community regarding harmful practices like FGM, through information, formal and informal education and outreach programmes. | This work is a study of the effect of public relations on the consumer. It users premier breweries Plc as a case of study. The research has employed oral interview for the collection of data this millennium. The work establishes the effect of public relations on the consumer. The work also offers a useful suggestion on how to transform the effects of public relations on the consumer into the contemporary use. Finally, the are useful summary recommendations and conclusion in the study which will be of help to scholars who could undertake studies relating to the topic. | CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
This study is on Police public relations as mechanism for improving police community (in Dunukofia local government area). It is most often agreed and rightly that community relations is an indispensable tool of every worthwhile organization.
Even more to bureaucratic and segmented organizations, public relations is vital to the overall success of any establishment within the community in which it serves and their programme can introduce a friendly atmosphere in a hitherto antagonist environment to such an extent that the organization and the community can work together as partners in progress.
Any establishment that is worthy of its name owes the community in which it operates and serves a responsibility and the community too owes the organization, if the two are to exist in a conducive atmosphere to solve their neutral problems and evolve a better community.
Good public Relations can serve an organization from liquidations in terms of crisis and poor public relations may result in the death of a hitherto healthy organization. Full information of police public relations in Dunikofia and its relations with the community can induce great regard organization firstly for its good work to the community and then for its success in business.
Once this favorable impression is not created in the minds of the people of the communities.
The reputation of the organization is bound to sour within that community. The measure of successful policy public relations will be indicated by the regard which people have for an organization i.e. regard based on their knowledge and understanding because an organization has been able to create a favorable image of itself within the community it serve.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Public relation practices is a phenomenon which is meant to use mutual understanding towards individuals ot organization and an organization like the police force to operate successfully in any community with its attendant, socio-cultural, economic, political and religious problems a necessity for such police organization and who should own polices.
On the other hand, a public relation is a deliberately planned and sustained effort which is geared towards maintaining mutual co-operation between organization and its policies. Every organization operates on a particular area, which it owes some social responsibility. If the organization comes out of its duties effectively the community it operates on, would resituate and when this happens, there is likely to be mutual understanding in them otherwise, hostility will flame up.
1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To investigate the extent the public relations has improved the police community relations.
2. To determine how the services of police are understood and appreciated by the community it is being purported to serve.
3. To examine if the activities of the police accords with the provisions of the law establishing it.
4. To access the categories of officers qualified for the action.
1.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. To what extent do public relation improve the police community relations?
2. How far are the services of the police understood and appreciated by the community it is purported to serve?
3. Are the activities of the police agreeable, with the provision of the law establishing it?
4. What categories of officers is most guilty for this action?
1.5. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will aid to bridge the gap between contradictory position and practice of public relations.
Also, the public is always suspicious about police for their unbecoming service. It will help to create mutual understanding and relationship between the police and the public they offer service to.
In academic field, it will aid for further study or research. It will equally help the governments to set a better policy for good public and police friendship for better security.
Lastly, this research work will enable public relations practioners carry out their functions with a good insight.
1.6. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study is the six (6) towns in Dunukofia. These ones under studies includes: Ifitedum, Nawgu, Ukwulu, Umunachi, Umudioka and Ukpo which is their headquarter. Also, it is the activities of the community police relations committee in these towns that are examined.
1.7. DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. PUBLIC RELATIONS: Is the deliberate planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain a mutual understanding between an organization and its publics.
2. POLICE: Is anyone or an official organization whose job is to make people, obey the laws and orders, prevent and equally solve crimes.
3. POLICE PUBLIC RELATIONS: According to Alozie practice, Is an attempt to achieve the goal of a favourable public image, sometimes, both may not be emphasized rather truth is manipulated in order to gain an acceptable public image. | CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
This academic work is based on the impact of effective compensation on the employees performance in Onitsha Cotton Mill Limited, Anambra State, Nigeria apparently, there are different needed among employees that must be achieved through compensation received. It is very pertinent that organizations should strive hard to effectively compensate their workers for motivational reasons which will help in the achievement of organizational goals and objectives.
The study falls within personnel management and personnel management according to Flippo 1986 is defined as the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and separation of human resources at the end tht individual organizational and societal objectives are accomplished.
It can also be defined as money received for the work performance plus other kinds of benefits and services that the organizations provide for their employees, compensation is recompense, reward, wage or salary given by an organization to person or a group of persons in return to work done, service rendered or a contribution made toward achievement or organizational goal.
BRIEF HISTORY OF GENERAL COTTON MILL LIMITED ONITSHA, ANAMBRA STATE
General Cotton Mill Limited, Onitsha anambra State is a textile manufacturing company that is known with the sales of textile and textile products.
The company was incorporated on the 10th April, 1964 RC 3782, located at Niger bridge Industrial Layout, Onitsha and also has one of its branches at Bloc 4A, Apapa lane, Dolphin Estate Ikoyi, Lagos, having Chief Nolla O. Edun as its chairman, R.N.W. lee (U.S. citizen) as its MD / CEO and also F.A Enechukwu-Deputy managing director.
It is a textile company offering composite textile Mill producing African prints, or fabric materials with spinning, weaving, and printing division producing cotton yarn with a good number of employees at its service.
Cotton as a resources is a miracle fibre that has been spun, woven and dyed since ancient times and it is still the most widely used fibre clothing, it is soft and fluffy, and grows in a boll around the seeds of the cotton plant. Cotton can be used for many products like: clothes, beddings, tabletops, furnitures and even arts etc.
DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL COTTON MILL LIMITED
According to the structure
R & D centre (Research and Development)
They are in-charge of studying and adopting new technologies, innovation, development of new kinds of production, new methods of production and quality control.
Sales department: Their work consists of organizing production sales, attraction of new buyers and partner registration of export operations, contracts on local markets control of shipment and delivery of goods / contained
Purchasing department: they provide purchases from the local and foreign markets, declarations and also registration of import contracts and customs documents.
Financial and Accounting department: They handle the registration of financial operations, accounting report, production cost, payment system, vouchers, bank operations, payment forms, delivery of salary and works with plastic cards.
Corporate Planning department: These are the department in charge of planning and organization of company projects, works with company werb-site, public relation, making of business plan (statistics) organization of charitable actions and company events.
Cotton purchasing department (Cotton Team): They do the
Identification and selecting of raw materials of the best quality for further production. Conclusion of raw materials delivery contract.
Personnel and salary departments: They provide the process of salary calculation, registration of salary documentation, the conclusion and the termination of labour contracts, wages ratifying, personnel selection also.
Tashkent office: Realization of export transactions, attraction of new potential partners and clients, control on registration of export documents and shipments, i.e delivery of production and payment of all shipment carried out by the collective of the Tashkent office.
The study with the departments has a total population of (900) workers in general cotton mill Nigeria Limited Onitsha.
S/N DEPARTMENT NUMBER OF STAFF
1. Accounts 100
2 Commercial dept 180
3 Admin 100
4 Production 300
5 Labour committee 80
6 Cooperate planning 100
7 Personnel & salary 40
Total 900
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Certain conditions or factors can make workers to perform effectively or ineffectively on their jobs. It has been observed that a number of factors seems to be responsible for job dissatisfaction among workers. They includes lack of interest in the jobs poor salaries poor conditions of service and lack of fringe benefits.
General Cotton Mill Limited workers tend to be affected by the factors enumerated above. It has also been observed that as a result of lack of compensation as a motivational factors there is growing shortage and loss of competent hands in general cotton Mill Limited Onitsha in particular. In the study, on the effect of compensation on the performance of workers in Onitsha Cotton Mill Limited Anambra in particular tends to find out what compensation service have to do in motivating workers.
This study is faced with the problems of finding out the importance of compensation to workers but equal knowing how adequate is that compensation towards effort workers are putting towards achieving the organizational objectives, therefore, this study has on the performance of workers on business organization.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The core purpose of the study is to point out some of those things that could aid compensation if the organization wants to achieve its set goals and objectives.
1. Identify factors in the organizational structure that could affect managerial effectiveness.
2 To determine whether there is problem in the design of the department within the organization.
3. To find out if the level of education of subordinate influence the way a manager structures his department.
4. To identify the links between the above variable and the manager degree of effectiveness in meeting up the objectives he is expected to achieve.
5. To structure out ways in which managers can work towards achieving a better compensation is unfair or inadequate.
Finally, attention should be given to the topic if the organization wants to achieve its goal and objectives.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings from this staudy would serve as good reference material to educationist. It would serve as a good material for people studying human relation as it affected by compensation. It would be a good reference material to those in the research institutes that would be futue practicing managers in piloting the affairs of the organization. It would also serve as a good materials for policy makers to help improve their subsequent policy formulations and planning.
The employees themselves would also find this study very useful. This would not only give them idea on what to expect management to do for them, but it would serve as guide enable them strive toward a greater performance as it would be in a position to compensate them adequately.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What is compensation?
2. Are compensation given to workers adequate ?
3. Does compensation help to retain your ends period of time?
4 Is your pay in the organization commensurate to your productivity performance.
5. Does the promotion system in the organization inspire to higher productivity?
6. Do the management provide adequate transport?
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
In order to carry out their study, the following scope have been formulated the help to generate data required for analysis.
When employees receive basic compensation, as equitable, hey increase their peformcne if not they will not.
When management gives to he workers the incentive they will increase their performance, if not, they will not.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Management: This is the process fo planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the effort of an organization members, making use of organization resources to achieve its objectives. As postulated by Edward Flippo.
Reward: This is a system that consists of an organization integrated policies process and practices for rewarding its employees in accordance with their contribution skills competence and their market worth.
Compensation: Compensation may be defined as money or any kind of benefits received for the performance of work.
Motivation: It is the inner drives that arouse direct and maintain an individual behaviour toward accomplishing a goals.
Organization: This is a social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals.
Promotion: This is a cause, venture or aim activity that supports or encourages.
Adequate: As much as or as good as necessary for some requirement or purpose fully sufficient, suitable etc.
Strategy: The basic goal and objective of action chosen to reach those goals and objective and the allocation necessary for carrying out those goals.
Planning: This is the process of thinking about an organization, the activities required to achieve a desired goal.
Productivity: Is an average measure of the efficiency of production a measure of the efficiency of a person, machine, factory, system, etc. | CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The major purpose of advertising is to communicate, educate and market a product/ service, idea or cause, though a channel or media that is accessible to target audience. However, the marketing function recognizes the strategic value of advertising as an element of the promotional mixifirm use in selling their goods and services according to Ozoh (1998, p.13).
Advertising is a distinct promotional element that serves as a bridge between the advertisers and the target market. Through advertising, the advertisers deliver his massage to the target market. Also in a mass market, where it is quite impossible to reach the multitude of prospects for a brand personally, advertising offers not only the cheapest means, but an effective way of entering into the targets consciousness to get them acquainted with the product with the product or services so there is need for advertisement in order to get the targets acquainted with the product or services.
Moreover, many organizations or industries believe that advertising their products will command or attract many consumer for such product. The question now is, does television advertising on consumers choice of beverage using carbury as comparative study for this research.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The research under study orders on the topic influence of television advertising on consumers choice of beverage. Advertising pervades our lives. It is impossible to read newspaper, magazine, and journal or watch television, listen to radio or even travel the streets of our cities without being bombarded by commercial messages. Our country derives benefit from information about products and services. On the other side of the fence, companies with products or services to sell, regard advertising as a valuable and indeed indispensable marketing tool. a proximately 3% of the gross national product is currently devoted to advertising, so advertising is a large and essential way of doing business.
research of old see broadcast audience (TV viewers)as passive, hence they provided the passivity theory or buller theory which states that the media has a powerful effect on the audience and this means that once the advertising message gets to audience, it has an immediate impact on them. however, later research has proved otherwise. it is true that some kinds of communication on some kinds of product brought to the attention of some kinds of people, under some kind of conditions have some kind of effect, according to berelson as cited in Nwosu (2005, p.40). This does not mean that the audience is not without their own eritical-mind on a product. Television advertisements have been found to be of immense benefits.
Business organization involves them with advertisement in order to create awareness about their products and services and boost sales. By definition, advertising as the advertising practitioners council of Nigeria (APCON) defines it is a form of communication through media about products, services, or ideas, paid for by an identified sponsor (cited in Ozoh, 1998, p.1).Fletcher (1979) as cited by in Ozoh (1998,p.2) opines it is the dissemination of sales message through purchase time and space. The authors of contemporary Advertising (Bovee and Arens 1986) define, it as the non-personal communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about a products, services or ideas by an identified sponsor through the various media.
Furthermore, advertising is a form of communication through the media about products, services, ideas, personalities or organizations, paid for by an identified sponsor. It is also a profession, a body of reminsee involved in the conceptualization, planning, creating, packaging and placing of advertising plays a major information role, making known available product and services to the intending consumers, and offering the products and services as attractively possible, thus enabling the consumer to make a choice, Wright and Warner(1997, p.2) opine that advertising has the unique function to create differentiation among product brands and services that are otherwise difficult to distinguish.
Advertising of a particular product that fails to live up to the expectations of the consumer will not be effective and thus, will not exert any influence. How true is the above assertion? To what extent do these television advertisements influence audience? Hence the relevance of this study: influence of television advertising on consumers choice of Beverage.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The primary aim of every business organization is to make profit and this profit in achieved through the patronage of the class of people the business organization regard as its primary customers. According to McDaniel (1996 p.1) Advertising is a method of impersonal communication using such media as the press, radio, Bill board, television and so on. However, there are a number of problems which need to be carefully stated before any decision can be made about whether to spend any money on advertising at all, let alone how to spend it. For example many people believe that advertising is a waste of money and that media expenditure would be better spending on personal selling. All these are issue in television advertising, hence the need to undergo a study on influence of television advertising on consumer choice of Beverages.
1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The following are the objectives of this work
1. To find out if television advertising has any influence on consumers choice of Beverages.
2. To find out whether there are other factors which can influence consumers on their choice of beverages.
3. To find out if television advertising brings about brand loyalty.
4. To find out the number of people that watch television advertising.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
With a view to obtaining answer to the problems of this research work, the following research questions are posed.
1. Does television advertising influence consumers choice of beverage?
2. Can other factors other than advertising influence brand loyalty?
3. Do consumers see brand name as synonymous with quality?
4. How often do masses view television advertising?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The essence of television advertising is to influence consumers in decision making on their choice of beverages based on what they watch. This study is relevant for advertising agencies and the media who sees the need to receive and disseminate television advert to the public. Also, the study would help researchers and other scholars in ascertaining the influence or effects of television advertising on brand choice of audience it will help audience in the selection of products.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The effect of this work is targeted at determining the responses among television viewers concerning television advertising on consumers choice of beverage using carbury as a comparative study to be covered. Attempt will also be made to know the extent at which television station run such programmes.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THESTUDY
The major limitations of this study is that the newness of the topics as assigned by the project supervisor posed a big challenge to the researcher. Lack of material such as textbook, journals, internet print-outs relevant to carry out the research and renovation of school library were banners to the study. Despite all these limitations, the research was successfully carried out.
1.8 OPERATIONAL DEFNITION OF TERMS
The under listed terms are defined in with their usage in the study, influence, operationally, influence means the indirect power over something. It could be as a result of something, somebody or a group of people.
Television: It is a piece of electrical equipment with a screen on which you can watch adverts with sound and moving pictures.
Advertisement: It refers to any paid for or sponsored messages, which is disseminated through the media and aim at informing and persuading to purchase a product or services.
Consumer: In this context, consumer refers to a person who buys and uses finished goods and services.
Choice: This refers to the selection of something among possible alternatives.
Beverages: Refers to any liquid that is drunk for food or pleasure. A drink other than water | This study is aimed at finding out the state of Nigerian newspapers published on the internet with a view to ascertaining the perception of Nigerian readers (audience) to them. The study will also look at the challenges and prospects of internet newspaper publishing the various problems encountered by readers as well as finding out the effectiveness of the internet as a feedback medium to newspapers stories on the internet. In the same vein, the study will also find out if the internet has also played any role in the transformation of the newspaper industry in Nigeria. The methodology for this study will be survey as it seeks to measure audience perception. Respondents for this research will be purposively sampled from the population of newspaper readers (both online and conventional) in Owerri the capital city of Imo State. Recommendations based on the later findings of this research will be made at the end of the study. |
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