| Content | Abstract
Architectural designs are aimed at archiving or fulfilling the users' basics needs and aspirations. But users basics needs and aspiration of space are not always the same but varies with some factors like educational status, family status, gender, age, occupation, demographic structure, income. When dwelling no longer satisfies the user’s space needs, the users can either move or adjust the space to best suit them. As a result of the change in lifestyles and statues of people, the diversity of accommodation user requirements is increasing and asking for more flexible solutions. This research is to study the different strategies of archiving spatial flexibility and how it can be applied in male hostel design to cater to the different spaces needed for the male hostel design for Kogi state polytechnic Lokoja. The primary and secondary data collection methods were used for the purpose of this study. Case studies were conducted on building designs (hostel design) that spatial flexibility has been applied in other to understand the strategy applied as well as the efficiency of the designs. Reviews of literature, oral interviews as well as personal observations were also helpful in extracting the basic information needed. Studies have shown that there are different strategies for archiving spatial flexibility in buildings (hostel). This study, therefore, will help alleviate the problem of student accommodation with respect to the flexibility of space in the hostel for Kogi state polytechnic male students. Thus, giving them the enabling accommodation that would facilitate learning in all fields. | CHAPTER ONE
1:1 Introduction/Background of the project design
The movement of man from one place to another is essential part of mans activities, which he cannot do or live without.
Movement logically conceived as a process of moving moving from a point or change in position or place or something, or a motion or action of persons or group. This movement could be in various forms or course of actions.
Traveling has always been an intensive and fundamental nature of man, which dates back to his origin. Early man was nomadic, i.e. always on the move in search of food, greener pasture for themselves and their livestock. From the origin of man through the past ages, be it the Stone Age, jet age, the present computer age, traveling is still a prevailing aspect of mans major activities. Throughout these ages, past and the present computer age or whatever the future holds, civilizations have come and gone with technological advancements such as telephones, faxes, letters, telegrams, emails etc. They have however not succeeded in presenting themselves as substitute to traveling.
Today man now travels for many different reasons; notable amongst his very vast reason to travel is leisure. It is easy to see and understand how important it is for a man to travel to his varied destinations and to fulfill the needs safely and promptly. The most important is the overall comfort of the journey, it gladdens ones heart to see or have everything necessary at his disposal, besides having a pleasant journey from point A to point B, the comfort of the journey is largely dependent on the situation that, immediately befalls the travelers upon arrival at parks either at the taking off point or its termination point.
In Nigeria, todays road transportation is the most patronized of the entire three major modes of transportation e.g. rail, air which is basically due to its availability and affordability when compared to others. Apart from the fact that this sector contributes greatly to the revenue generation of almost all the states in the country.
It also contributes to overall economy importance of the states and the nation at large; hence the need to consider the safety and comfortability of its esteemed customers. The private sector without any reasonable doubt has the greatest interest in this sector. It therefore becomes imperative look beyond the acquisition of wealth and variously review the quality of services, they render to their esteemed customers as never rest until their loved ones have a safe journey. Therefore, the most direct response to this poor state of affair in road transportation is the provision of facilities that are properly organizes these activities, coordinates and also directs them towards the ultimate goal of comfort and safety for travelers. Thus, this informs the proposal of a bus terminal station for dynamic transport company Gold International Transport Limited in the city of Enugu, Enugu state of Nigeria. The bus terminal is intending to provide adequate and well organized travel arrangements, provide succor to the travelers and also those who receive and transfer goods through it.
1:2 Statements of architectural problem
A bus terminal is an activity centre. These activities happen along different lines, which involves travelers buying tickets, preparing to board a bus, those who have bought tickets and are waiting to board for departure. I addition to these include those who have arrived and are either waiting for someone to come and pick them or alternatively where to find accommodation.
The disparity between the way and conditions under which these activities are carried out and under what condition they should be carried out is strong indication of the existence of enormous problems in the issues forming focus of this project. These architectural problems are;
Lack of proper sheltered facilities in which these activities are properly articulated and coordinated. This could be solved by designing a bus terminal in which these activities are inculcated in an organized manner and a proper layout of site for the terminal, accommodating other facilities.
The conflict of pedestrian and vehicular circulation.
The layout circulation routes would be such as to separate the arrival and departure lounge. Outside the building, pedestrian and vehicular circulation pattern will be laid out such that passengers can board or alight from busses without necessarily having to go through motor way. Vehicular circulation will be laid out such that vehicles move in one direction at the loading area, so as not to run into one another easily.
The existence of a chaotic and rowdy environment. This is one of the major problems facing the use of public road transportation in Nigeria. This is because of its very rowdy and chaotic environment similar to a typical Nigerian market characterizes most terminals in the country. Therefore providing an organized environment where things are done properly and at the right time devoid of unnecessary miscreants and touts etc.
1:3 The goal of the project design
The goals of the project design are:
To designed a befitting and standard bus terminal for the people of Enugu and the environs.
To design a well secure bus terminal to eradicate or reduce unnecessary harassment from touts, criminals on travelers at the terminal
To provide adequate spaces in the terminal to reduce rowdy and chaotic nature of the public transport to be curtailed at this process, especially, during peak hour or festive season
To provide better and efficient services for the travelers
1:4 The objective of the project design
The objectives of the project design are:
The overall concept is to achieve baffling bus terminal that would work as the same efficiency that is found in the airports and notable railway terminals in the world.
Building a reliable bus terminal to discourage road side boarding that is always interrupting flow of traffic and causing accident.
1.5 Size, scope and delimitation
The size of a bus terminal is commonly indicated by the type of buses it operates and the number of these buses that run on daily bases. Therefore, efforts were made to correlate the types of buses and their numbers, states serviced. From the analysis and research made, an average mini bus operating from the intended bus terminal in Enugu state to other viable states in the country would be designed for.
The scope of a project is largely limited to providing only the standard requirement of a bus terminal in terms of facilities and services encompassing the following:
Taxi port
Lodging
Banking
Business centre
Shopping facilities in rentable spaces
Postal and courier services
Catering services in form of restaurants, snacks bar cafeterias etc. A project of this magnitude requires a lot of research work and valid information that was acquired in the course of writing this work. It became more stressful by limited professionals in the field in the country. Most station managers saw it as probing aimed to undermining their station.
1:6 Justification of study
This work is very significant in its identification of the problems experienced travelling by road in Nigeria and also establishing the fact that, those problems experienced by travelers are direct consequences of the absence of a well organized scheme.
Furthermore, the introduction of facilities in which the activities are organized will if not wholly and completely rephrased will be so infrequent and to such a measure as to be very little effect.
Enugu is a large city in the eastern part of Nigeria; it is among those cities in the country founded during the early part of the 19th century just before the advent of the colonial rule. Enugu has always been regarded as a civil service city as it lacked major industries. It is thus, peaceful and unpolluted city; thereby it attracts large population of traders, students, tourists and their likes. Ruralurban migration, business transactions and educational pursuit among many other reasons have increased the intertransport commuters.
These travelers could either leave or enter the city through its various bus terminals or motor parks that could be easily identified, which has over the years become a haven for the city inter/intra state bus routes. There are also other private buses terminals in the city notable among them are ABC bus terminal, Ifesinachi bus terminal, peace bus terminal, Entraco bus terminal etc. despite all these, Enugu cannot boast of any standard bus terminal which will otherwise provide better and efficient services.
Hence in tackling the problems that are associated with travelers using road transportation in Enugu transport company. This terminal shall have a far reaching and wholesome effect on easing the stress and strain of travelling by road in Nigeria.
1:7 Research methodology/ project methods
For any research work to be successful an effective, there, must be a need for an organized and intelligent sourcing of relevant data and information available.
The following methods were used:
The oral interview of professionals and stakeholders in this field, as well as travelers and some practicing architects.
Visiting of existing bus terminals in order to have a personal observation of their activities, highlighting their merit and demerits.
Also, research made by reading books, journals, government texts and publication, including other students projects on bus terminal. | CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Strategies for the procurement of building projects have not changed significantly in the last 25 years, though time and cost overruns are still prevalent throughout the industry Smith and Love, 2001. In a response to reduce the incidence of time and costs overruns, the disputes that may often arise, and the likelihood of project success, alternative forms of procurement method such as partnering and alliancing have been advocated Love et al. 1998. Not all forms of procurement method, however, are appropriate for particular project types, as client objectives and priorities invariably differ Skitmore and Marsden, 1988; Love et al. 1997. The objectives and priorities of a client need to be matched to a procurement system. To do this effectively, it is essential that the characteristics of various procurement systems and selection methods available are understood by clients and their advisors before a procurement method is selected. In this report, the characteristics of the most common procurement systems and methods are presented. In conjunction with this research work the reader should also refer to the material developed by the New South Wales Government 2005 Procurement Methodology Guidelines for Construction and the Western Australian Department of Housing and Works Local Government Procurement Guide 2006.
1.1 Background of Study
Procurement has been seen to be process of obtaining or buying supplies of something like fixed assets land, building, etc. especially for individual and government.
Therefore, procurement strategies has become a fashionable term with our construction industry, practitioners and researchers determines the overall framework and structure of responsibilities within the process, it is also a key factor contributing to the overall client satisfaction and project success.
Procurement strategies and their application is of important in our construction industry.
However, one must not be carried by which ever method of procurement strategies proposed for a construction project, the major issue is the different types of procurement are contractual obligations, responsibilities and line of communication between the parties. One thing to remember is that whichever method that is used, the statutory duties of the professionals are always distinct and mandatory. Hence the engagement of a builder in the procuring contract is statutorily required and highly recommended whichever procurement strategy that is adopted.
1.2 Statement of Problem
The general aim of study is to ascertain by reviewing, evaluating and identifying how procurement strategies can be applied in our Nigeria construction industry. Therefore, this issue raised the researchers interest to know how procurement strategies can be applied in our construction industry particularly Nigerian economy.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The following list below are the core reason and purpose of this study which will be accomplished by the researcher.
1. To determine what are the procurement strategies;
2. To know its application in our Nigerian construction industry;
3. To know the statutory duties of a builder in construction industry;
4. To know what is construction industry.
1.4 Research Question
The research work is guided with same research question, which will be administered and distributed among the researchers area of study which are the respondents to this research work.
1. What are the procurement strategies
2. Where can they be applied in Nigerian construction industry
3. How can we know the statutory duties of a building in our construction industry
4. What is construction industry
1.5 Statement of Hypothesis
The researcher formed some of the hypothesis which will be tested to support this study. The hypothesis will be tested at 0.05 level of significance using the test method.
The research hypothesis are as follows;
1.H1: The application of conventional procurement strategies is significant to the Nigeria construction industry
H0: The application of conventional procurement strategies is not significant to the Nigeria construction industry
1.6 Signification of the Study
It is hoped that the findings of the study will help the construction industries in Nigeria reflect upon various variables that influence the conventional procurement strategies. In so doing, they could investigate the possibility of introducing those variable to their industries which may consequently lead to reducing the cost.
The findings of this study are therefore expected to provide new knowledge about the factors behind conventional procurement strategies with respect to Nigeria construction industry.
1.7 Justification of the Study
I want to justify this research work based on the objectives and the significance of this research work, what is within its coverage, this research work is with no doubt necessary to be carried out. Because if done will greatly analyze conventional procurement strategies variable and its application to the construction company in Nigeria.
1.8 Scope of the Study
This research work covered a population study of 58 respondents from Enugu, Enugu state. More to that, this research work will be considering the conventional procurement strategies and its application to the construction company. One research hypothesis will be tested in light of the study, a descriptive method of data analysis will be was employed in the study.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Procurement are the procedures used by the procuring entity to acquire goods, services and works.
Negotiation simply refers to the mutual discussion and arrangement of the terms of a transaction or agreement for the purpose of arriving at a common understanding of contract essentials e.g., technical requirements, schedule, prices, and terms. | ABSTRACT
The research study is aimed at studying and looking into planning processes in project Management. The study was carried out using structured questionnaires that were given to respondents that were involved in the study.
The study revealed that there are some factors to be considered before embarking on a project which generates the reason for effective planning process in managing a project. The study further revealed that planning processes in project management are very essential and can not be left out. The result obtained at the end of the research buttress that for a more reliable and effective project; planning processes must be used at the inception of a project which, must be done or carried out by competent and experience project manager.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Certification.. iii
Approval Page. iv
Dedication.. v
Acknowledgement vi
Abstractviii
Table of Contents. ix
List of Tables. xi
CHAPTER ONE.. 1
1.0 Introduction.. 1
1.1 Background of the Study. 1
1.2 Objectives of the Study. 2
1.3 Scope of the Study. 3
1.4 Importance of the Study. 4
1.5 Limitation of the Study. 4
1.6 Definition of Terms. 4
CHAPTER TWO.. 6
2.0 Literature Review.. 6
2.1 Management6
2.2 Project Management6
2.3 Project Control Variables. 8
2.4 History of Project Management9
2.5 Planning Processes in Project Management14
2.6 Project Planning. 29
CHAPTER THREE.. 30
3.0 Research Methodology. 30
3.1 Population.. 30
3.2 Sample. 30
3.3 Research Questions. 31
3.4 Instruments/Data Collection Techniques. 31
3.5 Method of Data Analysis. 32
3.6 Problems of Data Collection.. 32
CHAPTER FOUR.. 34
4.0 Analysis and Presentation of Results. 34
4.1 Introduction.. 34
CHAPTER FIVE.. 40
5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation.. 40
5.1 Conclusion.. 40
5.2 Recommendation.. 40
References. 42
Appendix. 43 | CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION / BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Caritas University came into existence in 2005.and from inception; the university senate has been within the administrative block which is not quite conducive. The senate building has been adequately provided for in caritas university master plan. This underscores the understanding of the master plan designers of the need for senate building which is a necessity to the university system.
A senate building is basically the administrative sector of the university. It houses the university council and senate chamber and other offices.
1.1 STATEMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL PROBLEMS
In designs, problems are bound to be solved. These includes: creating adequate natural / cross ventilation, circulation / traffic control, achieving aesthetically appealing structure.
The architectural problems arise due to the nature of the design either as its functions, environmental religion, cultural background, etc.
The character of the building also poses a problem
1.2 AIM
Provide caritas university administration a central building within which to function.
Provide a structure that brings into focus the special character of Caritas University.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
To provide conducive and adequate spaces for the university senate and council within which they meet and carry out their functions.
Create a standard structure which stands out physically in the university environment
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The project shall be based on provision of a central administration building which is the senate building for Caritas university which will accommodate the following; the vice chancellors office, the registry, the planning unit, students affairs department, bursary and general administration.
The senate also houses the senate chamber and the council chamber.
1.5 MOTIVATION
This project was motivated by number of reasons which are very important.
Creating an impressive structure in the perspective of Caritas Campus so as to give a feeling of authority and importance to the university officers and others who are housed in the building.
Movement of files and personnel takes place within the building thereby reducing the working stress of staff.
1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This project research involves the use of the following means and sources of obtaining information and data.
Oral interview
Use of case studies
Documentation, analysis and synthesis
Internet / literature review | Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fact that Nigeria could embark on and sustain a three year civil war dedicatee to the simple but basic slogan that “to keep Nigeria one is a task that must be done marked the turning point in the inevitable long drawn process of welding together into one nation the adverse people that together make up Nigerian. This is not the place to agree about the right and wrongs of the events that led to the civil war but the point which is being made is fact that our willingness to sure Nigeria from disintegration at colossal, human and materials lost was the beginning of the foundation of modern Nigeria. The them, federal military government realized that more positive measures were called for to consolidate our gains in the task of nation building and integration in order to make further progress possible. It had become abundantly dear to discerning observes of the nigerian political science that to build enduring national unity. |
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.